The polyphemus silkmoth Antheraea polyphemus Cramer is the only one Antheraea species native to North American, unlike its relatives mainly distributed into Asia, and has potential significance in sericulture. Here, we reports the first mitochondrial genome for this wild silkmoth. The mitochondrial genome of A. polyphemus collected from USA is 15,346 bp in length and encodes 37 genes including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and one A+T-rich region. The 360-bp A+T-rich region contains no tandem repeat elements and harbors several features common to the Bombycidea species. The phylogenetic analyses revealed that A. polyphemus has a close relationship with A. formosana and A. assamensis, the two silkmoth are distributed into South Asia. Our work confirmed that the Antheraea species are splited into two monophyletic clades: one contains A.polyphemus, A. formosana, A. assamensis, and the other includes A. pernyi, A. yamamai, A. frithis, A.mylitta, A. proylei. This study provides a mitochondrial genome for A. polyphemus.Keywords Antheraea polyphemus, mitochondrial genome, phylogenetic inference Abstract The polyphemus silkmoth Antheraea polyphemus Cramer is the only one Antheraea itochondrial mitochondrial genome of A. polyphemus collected from USA is 15,346 bp in length and encodes 37 genes including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes and one A+T-rich region. The 360-bp A+T-rich region contains no tandem repeat elements and harbors several features common to the Bombycidea species. The phylogenetic analyses revealed that A. polyphemus has a close relationship with A. formosana and A. assamensis, the two silkmoth are distributed into South Asia. Our work confirmed that the Antheraea species are splited into two monophyletic clades: one contains A.polyphemus, A. formosana, A. assamensis, and the other includes A. pernyi, A. yamamai, A. frithis, A.mylitta, A. proylei. This study provides a mitochondrial genome for A. polyphemus.